- Co-founder (with Cas Mudde) and co-editor (with Matthew Goodwin) of Routledge's book series on 'Extremism and Democra... moreCo-founder (with Cas Mudde) and co-editor (with Matthew Goodwin) of Routledge's book series on 'Extremism and Democracy': https://www.routledge.com/Extremism-and-Democracy/book-series/ED until stood down on the series' 20th anniversary in 2019 (when 65 books had been published or were under contract).
Latest book (co-author Matt Goodwin): 'National Populism: the Revolt against Liberal Democracy' (Pelican Books, London, October 2018: also available in Greek [with updated Preface covering the period up to early 2021], Lithuanian, Polish, Portuguese [including Brazilian] and Spanish. Trump, Brexit, Marine Le Pen et al from a deep roots perspective, as well as the latest poll etc evidence.edit
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‘Fascism’ is a term referring both to a political ideology and to a concrete set of political movements and regimes. Its most prominent examples were the Italian and German regimes in the interwar period. Fascist ideology is sometimes... more
‘Fascism’ is a term referring both to a political ideology and to a concrete set of political movements and regimes. Its most prominent examples were the Italian and German regimes in the interwar period. Fascist ideology is sometimes portrayed as merely a mantle for political movements in search of power, but in reality it set forth a new vision of society, drawing on both left- and right-wing ideas. Fascists stressed the need for social cohesion and for strong leadership. They were more concerned to revitalize nations by cultural change than to propose institutional changes, but they saw themselves as offering a third way between capitalism and communism. There was no fascist philosophy as such, but fascist ideology drew inspiration from earlier philosophers, most notably Nietzsche and Sorel, and was supported by several contemporary philosophers, including Heidegger, Gentile and Schmitt.
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This work is an ambitious attempt to examine in detail the causes and impacts of far right extremism alongside Islamist inspired extremism. Many may be uneasy about such comparisons but this volume lays to rest such concerns. Above all,... more
This work is an ambitious attempt to examine in detail the causes and impacts of far right extremism alongside Islamist inspired extremism. Many may be uneasy about such comparisons but this volume lays to rest such concerns. Above all, it contains choice ...
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The term ‘charisma’ was used by St. Paul to describe the gifts of divine grace which manifest themselves in forms such as prophecy and healing. In the late nineteenth century, it was picked up by R...
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... Nazi popularity after 1933 was undoubtedly underpinned by growing economic prosperity and benefits such as organised holidays ... to be based upon either biological race, as it was for many Nazis, or upon culture, which was more the... more
... Nazi popularity after 1933 was undoubtedly underpinned by growing economic prosperity and benefits such as organised holidays ... to be based upon either biological race, as it was for many Nazis, or upon culture, which was more the basis of Italian Fascism (Europe could even ...
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... It is still not clear what led the FN leader, Jean-Marie Le Pen, to refer to ... forms of argument, see R. Eatwell, 'The Holocaust denial: a study in propa-ganda technique', in L ... not themselves charge for... more
... It is still not clear what led the FN leader, Jean-Marie Le Pen, to refer to ... forms of argument, see R. Eatwell, 'The Holocaust denial: a study in propa-ganda technique', in L ... not themselves charge for usethere is no equivalent of subscription revenue from journal salesthey can ...
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Terror from the Extreme Right. Edited by Tore Bjørgo. London: Frank Cass, 1995.The Extreme Right. Freedom and Security at Risk. Edited by Aurel Braun and Stephen Scheinberg. Boulder: Westview, 1997.The Logic of Evil. The Social Origins of... more
Terror from the Extreme Right. Edited by Tore Bjørgo. London: Frank Cass, 1995.The Extreme Right. Freedom and Security at Risk. Edited by Aurel Braun and Stephen Scheinberg. Boulder: Westview, 1997.The Logic of Evil. The Social Origins of the Nazi Party, 1925–1933. By William Brustein. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996.Extremism in Europe. By Jean‐Yves Camus (co‐ordinator). Paris: Editions de l'Aube/CERA,
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... uncited) information that follows. I would also like to thank Anna Bull, David Baker, Mark Gilbert, Mathew Humphrey and Cas Mudde for most valuable comments on an earlier draft of this article. 2 For convenience, this article ...
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Although the concept of “charismatic” leaders is commonplace in political discourse, many academics hold that the notion is vague and these leaders’ alleged appeal to voters untestable. This chapter sets out a conceptualization of such... more
Although the concept of “charismatic” leaders is commonplace in political discourse, many academics hold that the notion is vague and these leaders’ alleged appeal to voters untestable. This chapter sets out a conceptualization of such leaders, focusing on radical mission, personal presence, symbiotic hierarchy, and Manichean demonization. It then considers four broad theories about why charismatic leaders have notable effects (and why the radical right gathers support): socioeconomic change and crisis, political opportunity structures, cultural legitimation, and psychological affinities. While it is important not to overstate the powers of most leaders, the chapter concludes by arguing that we need to appreciate the role of “coterie” charisma over an inner core, helping to keep parties together. Moreover, charismatic leaders exert a centripetal appeal, particularly to authoritarians and/or those least interested in politics, creating a more differentiated following than the affecti...
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Ideas and leaders matter. Fascism's syncretic ideology is crucial to understanding its rise and support. So too is the coterie charisma exerted by leaders like Hitler over an inner core even in the wilderness years; his centripetal... more
Ideas and leaders matter. Fascism's syncretic ideology is crucial to understanding its rise and support. So too is the coterie charisma exerted by leaders like Hitler over an inner core even in the wilderness years; his centripetal charisma went on to help attract the masses to the ‘Führer party’ for very diverse reasons; and the cultic charisma leaders developed especially when in power further helps explain their appeal. The four dark sides of nationalism – namely, its ethnic, religious, scientific and economic dimensions – are also crucial to understanding genocide. So too is leadership: no Hitler, no Holocaust. Genocide also points to the importance of lower levels of leaders, who were sometimes influenced by the charisma of the ‘great’ leader, although in other cases, such as Milosevic's Serbia, the charismatisation of the national idea was more influential.
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... Sunil Khilnani's Arguing Revolution is a study of the political arguments and actions of the Left in France since World War 11. ... Left and the languages of polit-ical debate, Sartre and Althusser, and the lan-guage and issue of... more
... Sunil Khilnani's Arguing Revolution is a study of the political arguments and actions of the Left in France since World War 11. ... Left and the languages of polit-ical debate, Sartre and Althusser, and the lan-guage and issue of the Left since 1%8. Khil-nani's postwar intellectuals ...
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... Perhaps the turn of the twenty-first century was an interregnum, rather than a turning point? In Western Europe there has been the rise of 'extreme right'and... more
... Perhaps the turn of the twenty-first century was an interregnum, rather than a turning point? In Western Europe there has been the rise of 'extreme right'and 'populist' parties such as Jean-Marie Le Pen's Front National, which pose a radical Page 12. ...
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A Note on the Contributors List of Abbreviations Preface Roger Eatwell and Cas Mudde Acknowledgements Roger Eatwell and Cas Mudde Introduction: The New Extreme Right Challenge Roger Eatwell Part 1: Right Wing-Extremism in Contemporary... more
A Note on the Contributors List of Abbreviations Preface Roger Eatwell and Cas Mudde Acknowledgements Roger Eatwell and Cas Mudde Introduction: The New Extreme Right Challenge Roger Eatwell Part 1: Right Wing-Extremism in Contemporary Democracies 1. Between Adaptation, Differentiation and Distinction: The Extreme Right in Austria, Belgium, France and Italy Alexandre Deze 2. The American Extreme Right: The 1990s and Beyond Mark Potok 3. The Extreme Right in Britain: the Long Road to Modernization Roger Eatwell Part 2: Democratic Responses to Right-Wing Extremism 4. Defence of Democracy against the Extreme Right in Inter-war Europe: A Past Still Present? Giovanni Capoccia 5. Defending Contemporary Democracy and the Extreme Right: A Comparative Study of the USA, Germany and Israel Ami Pedahzur 6. Institutional Inclusion and Exclusion of Extreme-Right Wing Parties in Austria, Germany and France Laurent Kestel and Laurent Godmer 7. The Diversified Approach: Swedish Responses to the Extre...
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Much of the vast literature on fascism adopts a socio-economic approach to the problem of definition. Developing from a review of recent works by three major commentators who have adopted a more political approach to the problem of... more
Much of the vast literature on fascism adopts a socio-economic approach to the problem of definition. Developing from a review of recent works by three major commentators who have adopted a more political approach to the problem of definition (Zeev Sternhell, Stanley Payne and Roger Griffin), this article argues that fascism was a genuine ideology and that it is best defined in these terms. Generic fascism, transcending place and time, is 'an ideology that strives to forge social rebirth based on a holistic-national radical Third Way, though in practice fascism has tended to stress style, especially action and the charismatic leader, more than detailed programs, and to engage in Manichean demonisation of its enemies.' Adopting this definition helps give important insights into why successful fascist movements attracted a remarkably diverse social support, and to central aspect of regimes' policies,
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... Chapter 4 The Northern League: Winning Arguments, losing Influence Carlo Ruzza Introduction The Italian ethno-territorial movement Northern League emerged in the early eighties, initially as a strong social movement and subsequently... more
... Chapter 4 The Northern League: Winning Arguments, losing Influence Carlo Ruzza Introduction The Italian ethno-territorial movement Northern League emerged in the early eighties, initially as a strong social movement and subsequently as a powerful political party, expanding ...
ABSTRACT BLDSC reference no.: D16976/76. Thesis (D. Phil.)--University of Oxford, 1976. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 422-452).
Chapter 3: 'The Extreme Right in Britain: the Long Road to Modernization'
It is widely believed that we live in a world of increasing political and cultural inter-dependence and uniformity. A united Europe seems just another step in the same direction, yet ethnic tensions are increasing and former states, such... more
It is widely believed that we live in a world of increasing political and cultural inter-dependence and uniformity. A united Europe seems just another step in the same direction, yet ethnic tensions are increasing and former states, such as the USSR, have collapsed and fragmented. This book explores the political cultures that make up Europe, both East and West. In exploring these issues the study finds that it is important not to exaggerate the process of homogenisation and illustrates the dangers of a movement towards union which does not take note of the growing populist resistance to 'Europe'.
‘Charismatic leadership’ is part of all the ‘short definitions’ and typologies of fascism, but few works have dealt with this theme in a systematic and comparative manner. With a simultaneously analytical and narrative approach, this... more
‘Charismatic leadership’ is part of all the ‘short definitions’ and typologies of fascism, but few works have dealt with this theme in a systematic and comparative manner. With a simultaneously analytical and narrative approach, this volume seeks to fill this deficit. The volume is structured around three fundamental areas. Firstly, it looks at the charismatic nature of the fascist leaders within their political organisations. Then it examines their promises of ‘salvation’ and the role that these played in the crises and collapse of democracy, as well as in the institutionalisation of the new regime. Finally, it observes the manner in which the new dictatorial authorities exercised their power and became legitimised.